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April 3, 2020 Edition
Across the country, elementary, secondary and postsecondary schools have closed as part of the effort to slow the spread of COVID-19 (the coronavirus). Each week, IDRA issues an update on the impact of COVID-19-related policies on schools, students and families.
More resources and trainings for teachers, school administrators, families and communities are on our Learning Goes On website.
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IN THIS ISSUE
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Regional Policy Update: Students in Southern States Face Short- and
Long-Term COVID-19 Challenges
* IDRA's New COVID-19 Education News Dashboard
* State Education Agency COVID-19 Websites in the U.S. South
* Next Webinar: Facilitating Online Math Sessions
* Online Technical Assistance Academies for School Districts
* Free Webinars on Education for Immigrant Families
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Students in Southern States Face Short- and
Long-Term COVID-19 Challenges
Federal, state, and local governments and agencies are working to address the public health, education and economic crises sparked by COVID-19. Many actions necessarily focus on the immediate needs of communities and mitigation of the spread and effects of the virus. Officials cite the need to balance public health with economic concerns such as layoffs and food and housing insecurity.
There also will be long-term changes that will come from this crisis. These changes will likely impact certain students and regions, like the U.S. South, more than others. Evidence indicates that COVID-19 will be more deadly among younger people in the South based on the levels of pre-existing poor health conditions and persistent poverty (Newkirk, 2020). And, recent history shows that the economic impacts will also be felt more in the South, particularly in schools.
Without targeted resources and equitable school funding policies, many traditionally-marginalized students - including English learners, students of color, students living in poverty and students in rural communities - will bear the brunt of a COVID-19-related economic crisis.
The Economy and School Funding in the South
Following the Great Recession in 2008, states across the country cut education resources, leaving school districts with massive funding gaps that many were unable to fill with local property taxes or other revenue sources. These funding gaps hit southern states particularly hard.
Nearly 10 years after the recession peaked, many states were still struggling to get back to pre-recession per-pupil spending levels. Of the 10 states with the most significant decreases in per-pupil spending between 2008 and 2015, six are in the South: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas (Leachman, Masterson, & Figueroa, 2017).
Even prior to the Great Recession, per-pupil spending levels in the South have
lagged behind the rest of the country for years. As of 2017, all southern states were below the national average for per-pupil education spending.
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The Impact of COVID-19 on the South
Like the Great Recession, an economic downturn resulting from COVID-19 could have particularly dire effects for school districts in southern states, most of which already fail to provide enough resources to students, especially traditionally marginalized students.
- Children living in the South are more likely to live below the federal poverty line than in any other region. In every southern state but Virginia, more than 20% of children live in poverty (Children's Defense Fund, 2019).
- Students of color make up a majority of the pre-K to 12th grade population in the South. Black and Latino students each comprise approximately one in four students enrolled in public schools in the region (NCES, 2019).
- English learner student populations are increasing in the South. Arkansas, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee saw their English learner populations more than double between 2000 and 2015 (Sugarman, 2016). Texas educates nearly 1 million English learners (Showalter, et al., 2019).
- Nationwide nearly one in five students (more than 9.3 million) attend a rural school (Showalter, et al., 2019). Forty-two percent of these students reside in the South (NCES, 2013). About 30% of rural Latino students and 36% of rural Black students attend a school in which more than three in four students is eligible for free- and reduced-price lunch, while just over 7% of White students do (NCES, 2014).
Schools serving these students often lack equitable educational resources, including safe and modern facilities, up-to-date technology and materials, well-qualified and experienced teachers, and sufficient funding (
Duncombe, 2017; Levalley, 2018
). Many students also do not have access to the new at-home, online learning systems that school districts adopted in response to COVID-19 school closures and social distancing requirements.
An economic downturn resulting from COVID-19 could destabilize revenue sources, shrink state budgets and lead to education budget cuts, which would worsen deeply entrenched inequities in schools.
Over the next several months, states will prepare budgets that must respond to the ongoing COVID-19 challenges. Several southern states already appropriated money from their reserve funds to
cope with the immediate COVID-19 threat, while others are forecasting revenue shortfalls based on the number of their residents out of work and not traveling or contributing to the states' economies (
Loughead, et al., 2020).
Given this context, it is vitally important for states to protect education funding as much as possible to ensure educational quality. Any cuts must consider the particular challenges and needs of marginalized students.
State and local policymakers should:
- Create budgetary processes responsive to the needs and input of families of color, English learner families, families with low incomes and rural families;
- Equitably distribute COVID-19 relief funds to school districts based on students' needs and the costs to ensure they have access to resources, services and supports;
- Use state emergency funds and identify stable revenue sources to ensure students have the resources they need in the near- and long-term;
- Limit education budget cuts and ensure that any cuts are made equitably and do not overly burden already under-funded low- and moderate-wealth schools; and
- Adopt measures and allocate funds to address resource gaps that result from the COVID-19-related shift to at-home learning. Funds should be distributed equitably to ensure all students have access to supports they need, including digital resources, social-emotional supports, targeted academic and learning assessment resources and summer learning opportunities.
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For more information and policy news, see
IDRA's Learning Goes On web hub.
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IDRA's New COVID-19 Education News Dashboard
IDRA released a dashboard with news and social media streams related to COVID-19 and education along with key resources.
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State Education Agency COVID-19 Websites in the U.S. South*
*
These are the states served by the IDRA EAC-
South, which is one of four federally-funded centers that provide technical assistance and training at the request of school districts and other responsible governmental agencies to build capacity of local educators to ensure a more equitable learning environment for all students.
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Get some tips you can use right away!
Compare ways of supporting students in Google Classroom in shared spaces versus virtual learning environments. And see how to use Zoom Whiteboard, Explain Everything, and Google Classrooms and Training.
Join Dr. Paula N. Johnson, director of the IDRA EAC-South
as she hosts a practical conversation with our guests:
* Heather Aguilar, elementary teacher, Judson ISD
* Takiesha Martínez, middle school math teacher, San Antonio ISD
* Susan Hernández, high school math teacher, Northside ISD
Tuesday, April 7, 2020 @ 1:00 pm (cst)
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Online Technical Assistance A
cademies
for School Districts
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Get help implementing equitable and effective online education!
As schools shut down and head for uncertain times, IDRA is offering multi-day online academies to assist districts in providing equitable and excellent education in online settings. The
academies will be held using a web conference platform easily available to your teachers and will consist of one planning day with district and campus leaders and four professional development and technical assistance days with instructional coaches and teachers. The cost ranges from $10,000 to $50,000 depending on district size and needs. Contact IDRA for more information:
contact@idra.org.
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